The San people were the first settlers followed by the Khoikhoi and then the Bantu speaking tribes.

1652 saw the Dutch East India Company enabling the first European settlers on the Cape of Good Hope. By the end of the 18th Century they numbered only around 15,000.

In 1795, the Boers or Afrikaners speaking a Dutch dialect known as Afrikaans tried to establish an independent republic. Britain took permanent possession in 1815, which led to an increase of more settlers – around 5,000.

In 1833 slaves gained their freedom and around 12,000 Afrikaners had to make the well know “Great Trek” both North and East into African tribal territories.

This actually led to the formation of the famous Republic of the Transvaal and the Orange Free State.

Diamonds were discovered in 1867 and Gold was discovered in 1886.

Agricultural products include: corn, wheat, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables, beef, poultry, mutton, wool, and dairy products.

Industries: -mining – one of the main producers diamonds, platinum, gold, chromium, automobile assembly, metal working, machinery, textiles, iron and steel, chemicals, fertilizer, foodstuff and commercial ship repair. 1910 saw the first use of the Coat of Arms in South Africa but on 27th April 2000 – Freedom Day -  a new Coat of Arms was unveiled.

The motto in Green – calls for the nation to unite – unite in Diversity. This is extended by the sides with elephant tusks which symbolises wisdom and strength. Within it are two ears of wheat which shows fertility.

It is noted that the shield displays and depicts a strong identity and spiritual defence containing the primary symbol of the Nation.

Above the shield is a cross Knobkierie and Spear  - dual symbols  of defence and authority lying down showing peace and representing also the powerful legs of the secretary bird.

Furthermore, the human figures depicted in an attitude of greeting show a form common humanity and heritage of unity.

The Coat of Arms also shows the Oval Shape of Ascendance with the Protea symbolizing the beauty of the land in the colors green, gold, red and black.

The Secretary Bird symbolizing growth and speed and the Rising Sun an emblem of splendour and the promise of rebirthDid you know that South Africa is usually described as the “Rainbow Nation”?  because of its a culturally diverse nation with 11 main languages?